Product Description

Many types of venom contain components that activate complement.A major component of cobra venom is CVF which binds to the victim’s factor B and this is then activated by factor D forming CVF,Bb.CVF, Bb is a serine protease specific for the victim’s C3 and often C5 as well.The activity of this C3/C5 convertase is not affected by the complement regulatory proteins in blood and the complex is extremely stable (half-life approximately 7 hours) (Morgan, B.P. ed. (2000); Law, S.K.A. and Reid, K.B.M. (1995); Nolan, K.F. and Reid, K.B.M. (1993)).It is thought that the release of C3a is important for dilation of the blood vessels near the bite and this aids dispersion of the other venom components.C5a release provides a systemic activation of numerous immune cells and inflammatory reactions.CVF from naja naja kaouthia produces an enzyme that cleaves both human C3 and C5.The affinity of the naja naja kaouthia CVF for C5 is so high that it primarily consumes C5 first, then C3.

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OUR (A150) COBRA VENOM FACTOR IS SOLD IN THE U.S.A ONLY

Complement Technology的C1是级联反应中的第一个补体成分，称为补体经典途径。C1与抗原结合的抗体（免疫复合物）结合并被其激活，从而产生引发级联反应的蛋白酶。C1实际上是钙依赖性复合物中结合在一起的三种不同蛋白质（C1q，C1r和C1s）的非共价复合物。C1q通过其六个臂中的两个或多个与IgG或IgM的Fc结构域结合。多臂与免疫复合物的结合被认为会引入压力，从而导致复合物中的两个C1r蛋白（蛋白酶酶原）自身激活，从而产生两种活性的C1r丝氨酸蛋白酶（Morikis，D.和Lambris，JD（2005））。 。这些激活的C1r亚基裂解并激活复合物中的两个C1s蛋白酶酶原。活化的C1裂解补体成分C4，释放出C4a，并启动C4b与活化表面的共价连接。活化的C1也切割C2，并且C2的较大片段结合至表面附着的C4b，形成C4b，C2a，其为经典途径的C3 / C5转化酶。