• Species Reactivity
  Human
• Specificity
  Detects human Twist-1 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant Twist-2 is observed.
• Source
  Polyclonal Sheep IgG
• Purification
  Antigen Affinity-purified
• Immunogen
  E. coli‑derived recombinant human Twist-1
  Met1-His202
  Accession # Q15672
• Formulation
  Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Label
  Unconjugated

• Western Blot
  2 µg/mL
  See below

• Reconstitution
  Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.2 mg/mL.
• Shipping
  The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C
• Stability & Storage
  Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

• Long Name:
  Twist Related Protein 1 [Drosophila]
• Entrez Gene IDs:
  7291 (Human); 22160 (Mouse); 85489 (Rat)
• Alternate Names:
  acrocephalosyndactyly 3; ACS3; B-HLH DNA binding protein; BHLHA38; bHLHa38BPES3; BPES3; Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 38; CRS1; H-twist; H-twistblepharophimosis, epicanthus inversus and ptosis 3; SCSBPES2; twist homolog 1 (Drosophila); TWIST homolog of drosophila; TWIST; Twist1; Twist-1; twist-related protein 1

Background:

Twist-1 (Twist-related protein 1; also H-Twist and bHLHa38) is a 24‑27 kDa class B member of the bHLH transcription factor family of proteins. It is widely expressed in embryo, and select adult cells such as white adipocytes. In fat, Twist-1 induces fatty acid oxidation via PGC-1 alphaand CPT-1, and promotes MCP-1 and TNF-alphasecretion by adipocytes. In epithelium, Twist-1 dysregulation represses E-Cadherin and induces N-Cadherin expression, resulting in an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that can lead to cancer. Human Twist-1 is 202 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains a bHLH domain (aa 109-164) with an embedded DNA-binding motif. Twist-1 forms homodimers, and heterodimerizes with TCF3, HAND 1 and HAND 2. Two distinct mutations exist that may impact its dimerization pattern. There is one seven aa insertion after Ile135, and a second seven aa insertion after Pro139. A third unrelated variant shows a four Gly insert after Gly92. Full-length human Twist-1 shares 98% aa identity with mouse Twist-1.

      R&D Systems位于美国的明尼苏达州，一直致力于生物制品的开发与生产。公司成立之初主要生产用于医院及临床应用的血控品。1997年，公司推出第一个产品--富血小板血浆质控品；1981年，公司成为全球第二家生产含血小板全血控品的供应商。40多年的发展中，R&D Systems仍持续开发各种血控品产品。  1985年，作为公司推出的第一个科研试剂产品，也是全球第一家将该产品进行商业化生产的产品，R&D Systems成功上市了TGF-beta1蛋白。作为胞外信号分子，TGF-beta1蛋白在多种细胞中进行表达，并作为胞外信号分子参与免疫功能，细胞增殖和细胞分化等生物学过程。该产品推出后，公司陆续从生物材料中纯化了几种细胞因子产品并推向市场。  天然蛋白类产品的成功推广，加速了R&D Systems在细胞因子市场的开拓。公司于1985年形成Growth Factor事业部（现Biotechnology事业部）。Biotechnology事业部的目标是生产和营销重组人细胞因子。与天然来源提取蛋白相比较，DNA重组技术生产的蛋白产品其成本更低，产量更高，完全摆脱原料的限制。1989年，Biotechnology事业部开始开发抗细胞因子的单克隆和多克隆抗体，并于1990年开发了第一个ELISA试剂盒。  2014年2月10日，R&D Systems的母公司宣布命名为Bio-Techne. Bio-Techne旗下包括R&D Systems, Novus Biologicals, BiosPacific, Tocris Bioscience, Boston Biochem和Bionostics。