Recombinant Human Tetra-Ub WT Chains (K63-linked) Biotin, CF Summary

Product Datasheets

Carrier Free

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins.Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration.The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard.In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: Tetra-Ubiquitin

With a predicted molecular weight of 34 kDa, Tetra-Ubiquitin chains are composed of four Ubiquitin monomers that are covalently linked through isopeptide bonds, which typically form between a lysine residue of one Ubiquitin molecule and the C-terminal glycine residue of another Ubiquitin molecule (1). Each human Ubiquitin monomer is 76 amino acids (aa) in length and shares 96% and 100% aa identity with yeast and mouse Ubiquitin, respectively (2). Seven of the 76 aa in Ubiquitin are lysine residues that can participate in poly-Ubiquitin chain formation. Linkage through specific lysine residues is thought to serve as a signal that affects protein degradation, signaling, trafficking, and other cellular processes (3-8).

Linkage specific Tetra-Ubiquitin can also be used to investigate mechanism of binding and recognition by E1 or E2 enzymes, deubiquitinating enzymes, E3 ligases or other proteins that contain Ubiquitin-associated domains or Ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs). This product is made with wild-type human recombinant Ubiquitin and linkage-specific enzymes. These chains are modified with biotin via primary amine coupling. This results in multiple biotinylated species modified at the N-terminus, as well as lysine residues. Biotinylated Ubiquitin can be detected using avidin-linked reagents.

Related Research Areas

• Cell Structure and Signaling Molecules
• NFkB Pathway
• Parkinson"s Disease Related Molecules
• Ubiquitin
• Wnt Intracellular Signaling