Tumornecrosisfactor-alpha(TNF-alpha)isapleiotropicinflammatorycytokineproducedpredominantlybyinflammatorymonocytesandmacrophages,butothercelltypes,includingneutrophils,endothelialcells,lymphocytes,andactivatedtissuecells,canalsobeasourceduringoverwhelminginflammatoryresponses.TNF-alphahasbothbeneficialanddestructivepropertiesforthecentralnervoussystemandaffectslipidmetabolism,coagulation,andendothelialfunction.TheincreasingreleaseofTNF-alphamaycontributetotheoddsofischemicstrokeinpatients.TNF-alphaisaprimarymediatorofnumerousimmunologicfunctions,whichincludestimulatingphagocytosisinmacrophages,chemoattractionofneutrophils,increasedinsulinresistance,andinducingfever.Asacentralplayerinthecytokinenetwork,TNF-alphahasbeenimplicatedinavarietyofdiseasestates,includingcachexia,septicshock,acuterespiratorydistresssyndrome,andanumberofnecrotic,proliferativeandautoimmunediseases.TNF-alphaactivatessignalsthroughtworeceptors,TNFR1,whichisexpressedonmostcelltypes,andTNFR2,whichisexpressedmainlyonimmunecells.TNF-alphaexistsinbothsecretedandmembraneboundforms,bothbioactive(1-5).RecombinantHumanTNF-alphaisanon-glycosylatedprotein,containing158aminoacids,withamolecularweightof17.5kDa.

•AccessionNumber:P01375•Synonyms:TNFSF2,Cachectin,DIF,Necrosin,Cytotoxin,Cachexin,TNF,TNF-α•Purity:≥96%purity.Determinedbyreducingandnon-reducingSDS-PAGEanalysis.•Bioactivity:ED50isdeterminedbythecytolysisofmouseL929cellsinthepresenceofActinomycinD.TheED50istypicallylessthan0.8ng/mL.•Animalcomponent-freeandcarrier-free•Custompackagingavailable

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