Lysozyme (Lysozyme C, 1,4-beta-N-acetylmuramidase C) has primarily a bacteriolytic function, enhancing the activity of immunoagents. Lysozymes catalytic activity is hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitotoxins. Defects in lysozyme are a cause of amyloidosis type 8 (AMYL8), also known as systemic non-neuropathis amyloidosis or Ostertag-type amyloidosis. Clinical features include renal amyloidosis resulting in nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly, cholestasis, and petechial skin rash.

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