IgG is a plasma-cell protein that is produced within the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, thymus, small intestinal mucosa, respiratory tract mucosa, and other tissues. It is the only immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta. Since IgG is produced as part of the body"s response to bacteria, viruses, drugs, and tissue antigens, measurement of blood IgG levels can reveal hyper-responsiveness to antigen stimulation or physiological anomalies at IgG-producing sites, among other disorders. Thus, human IgG levels are often measured during allergy and immune response testing. The presence of high IgG levels has been linked to polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, collagen disease, asymptomatic M-proteinemia, chronic infection, myeloma, IgG multiple myeloma, and other pathological conditions. Low IgG levels, on the other hand, have been correlated with disorders such as agammaglobulinemia, hypogammaglobulinemia, severe immunodeficiency and nephrosis syndrome.

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ELISAs for IgG detection

The Human IgG EIA Kit is a colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for quantitative determination of human IgG in human blood and body-fluid samples. IgG is produced by activated B lymphocytes (plasma cells) and functions in many roles including immunity, infection, and opsonization.